In English, What Is A Plant Breeder?

Plant breeding is an ancient activity that involves combining parental plants to improve the genetic potential of plants. It involves combining field-based evaluation and selection with genetic information to create new plant varieties that excel in yield, size, and quality. Plant breeders are responsible for researching seed characteristics and working towards finding the best possible trait for the plant. They aim to create new varieties that are productive, nutritious, and adapted to a changing climate.

Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants to produce desired characteristics. It has been used to improve the quality of nutrition in products for various purposes. Plant breeders work by selecting individuals or families based on performance data, pedigree, and more sophisticated genetic information to improve crops.

Plant breeders are also known as geneticists who undertake scientific research into plant and crop-based agriculture with the aim of improving plant breeding. They focus on the development, characterization, maintenance, and exploitation of genetic material, which is essential for the growth and development of new plant varieties.

In the UK’s gardening and landscaping field, plant breeders are responsible for developing new plant varieties with improved characteristics, such as productivity, nutrition, and adaptation to a changing climate. The National Association for Plant Breeding is the culmination of a grass roots effort by plant breeders from around the USA to engender new plant varieties.

What’s meaning of breeder?

A breeder is a person who breeds animals or plants, such as a top sheep breeder in the country. They are involved in one of the largest organic breeding schemes in the world. The translations for this text include English in various languages, including Chinese (Simplified), Dutch, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Arabic, Bangali, Catalan, Czech, Danish, Gujarati, Hindi, Korean, Marathi, Russian, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese.

What is the meaning of plant breeder?

Plant breeders are genetic engineers who use various breeding techniques to improve crops. Their main objective is to improve crops, with most breeding objectives remaining similar to earlier times. ScienceDirect uses cookies and has copyright © 2024 Elsevier B. V., its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

What is quality traits in plant breeding?

Quality traits are characteristics that define the suitability or fitness of an economic plant product for its end use. These traits include morphological, organoleptic, nutritional, and biological aspects. Morphological traits affect appearance, while organoleptic traits influence taste and aroma. Nutritional traits determine health value, and biological traits define usefulness when consumed. Quality traits vary depending on factors like seeds, crop growth, post-harvest technology, consumer preferences, cooking quality, keeping quality, and transportability. Each crop has a specific set of quality traits.

What is the role of plant breeding?

The objective of plant breeding is to enhance crop yield, cultivate desired plants, develop disease-resistant crops, and create plants that can withstand extreme environmental stress. There are multiple methodologies within the field of plant breeding, including backcrossing, which involves crossing a desired plant with a non-desired plant that possesses additional traits.

Who is called a breeder?

A breeder reactor is defined as an individual or animal that is primarily engaged in the raising of animals or plants for breeding purposes. The process entails the generation of fissile material in excess of that which is consumed, a phenomenon analogous to the operation of a nuclear reactor. This type of energy is essential for the production and reproduction of offspring.

What are the two types of plant breeding?

Plant breeding processes include inbreeding, backcrossing, mutation breeding, hybrid breeding, and genetic engineering. Gregor Mendel, considered the “father of genetics”, developed inheritance laws through plant hybridization experiments. Genetics has been instrumental in enhancing crop production through plant breeding. Genetic modification involves adding or degrading genes to produce desirable phenotypes. Transgenic plants are those resulting from gene addition, while cisgenic plants are those using modified genes to control their native promoter.

Genetic modification can sometimes produce plants with specific traits faster than classical breeding, as the majority of the plant’s genome remains unchanged. Gregor Mendel is considered the “father of genetics” in this field.

Who benefits from plant breeding?

Plant breeding is a crucial field that aims to modify and improve plant species to meet human needs and wants. It is essential for our survival and sustainable agricultural use, as it helps develop resistance to diseases, pests, drought, and temperature extremes, and improves quality factors that positively impact people worldwide. Plant breeding also helps adapt crops to new locations, improving food security and supporting local and regional food systems. Plant breeders also serve as a vital link between farmers and consumers, developing traits that make farming easier and more efficient, and increase consumer satisfaction with the resulting product.

Plant breeding became an academic discipline about 100 years ago, following the rediscovery of Mendel’s laws. It has been studied and practiced in various locations, including governments, universities, private sector seed companies, and hobbyists and gardeners. The University of Wisconsin offers formal training in plant breeding and plant genetics since 1968, with membership from agronomy, biochemistry, botany, forest and wildlife ecology, genetics, horticulture, plant pathology, and statistics. Research areas include biochemical and molecular genetics, biometry, quantitative genetics, cytogenetics and cytology, genetics, and plant breeding.

What is the title of a plant breeder?

Plant breeders utilize genetic principles to develop and enhance crop varieties through breeding studies. They enhance traits like yield, size, quality, maturity, and resistance to pests. They select desirable plants for crossing through methods like inbreeding, crossbreeding, backcrossing, outcrossing, mutating, or interspecific hybridization and selection. A written examination is required, but a doctorate degree and three years of experience are not required.

What are the qualities of a plant breeder?

A Plant Breeder is responsible for researching and improving seed characteristics to improve plant quality. They work to find desirable traits for yield, maturity, quality, size, and resistance to drought, frost, and pests. Plant breeders must have extensive knowledge in molecular technologies, statistics, plant growth, and genetics to create the best plants for crossing. They must develop and manage a breeding program, maintain links with technology support providers, maintain and forecast a budget for breeding activities, interact with marketers and end-users, and maintain key industry links.

They must also be able to undertake manual operations and utilize new technologies like a Global Positioning System. A bachelor’s degree in crop science, plant genetics, or agronomy is required, with a PhD or Masters of Science in plant science often required.

What is plant breeding also known as?

Plant breeding is a scientific process that involves the creation of new plant varieties. This process is also known as cultivar development, crop improvement, and seed improvement.

What is an example of plant breeding?

The crossing of a high-yielding pea with a mildew-resistant one results in progeny, which are then crossed to their high-yielding parent.