What Kind Of Plant Growth Does Cytokinin Promote?

Cytokinins (CK) are a class of plant hormones that promote cell division in plant roots and shoots, affecting cell growth, differentiation, apical dominance, axillary bud growth, and leaf senescence. They are adenine-derived, small-molecule plant growth regulators that control aspects of almost all plant growth and development processes. Cytokinins maintain the growth potential (pluripotency) of shoot apical meristems, which provide stem cells for the generation of leaf primordia during the initial stages.

Cytokinins are mobile phytohormones that regulate plant growth, development, and environmental adaptability. The major cytokinin species include isopentenyl adenine (iP), trans-zeatin (t Z), and cis-zeatin (c Z). The effect of cytokinins was first reported when adding the liquid endosperm of coconuts to developing plant embryos in culture stimulated their growth.

CKs play diverse roles in plant development, influencing many agriculturally important processes, including growth, nutrient, and stress responses. They are essential plant hormones that regulate various biological processes implicated in plant development and stress responses. They are found in both plants and animals and are synthesized largely in root tissue before traveling upward.

The most important role of cytokinins is that they stimulate cell division, but their functions are much more complex and depend on interaction with other plant cells. Cytokinins are synthesized largely in root tissue and travel upward, and they are found in both plants and animals. They stimulate cell division and often are included in sterile media used for various applications.

What is the main effect of cytokinin in plants?

Cytokines play a pivotal role in plant biology, facilitating cell division through a complex signaling network.

Does cytokinin help in flowering?

Cytokinins play a crucial role in plant growth and development, and their expression is also linked to floral transition. Researchers conducted exogenous treatments on adult wild type and mutant Arabidopsis plants to understand the molecular pathways to flowering. They used a hydroponic system that allows for synchronous growth and flowering of plants and precise chemical application to roots. The results showed that the application of N-benzylaminopurine (BAP) promoted flowering in non-inductive short days.

The response to cytokinin treatment did not require Flowering Lotus T (FT), but activated its paralogue TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF), FD, a partner protein of TSF, and the downstream gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1). Treatment of selected mutants confirmed that TSF and SOC1 are necessary for the flowering response to BAP, while the activation cascade might partially act independently of FD. These experiments provide a mechanistic basis for the role of cytokinins in flowering and demonstrate that redundant genes FT and TSF are differently regulated by distinct floral-inducing signals.

What happens if a plant has too much cytokinin?

Cytokinins play a crucial role in plant growth and development, particularly in Arabidopsis thaliana, which is essential for developing crop plants that are not only higher yielding but also tolerant of environmental stressors. Research on model plants, particularly Arabidopsis, has provided a substantial body of knowledge relating to plant growth and development. Cytokinins have been shown to directly increase seed yield and are a significant component of the response of plants to environmental stressors.

Cytokinins may be the hormone that underpins the second “Green Revolution” due to their effects on increasing seed number and seed size, as well as our ability to moderate internal levels of cytokinins to ameliorate the effects of stress and mineral nutrient deficiencies.

Translational research has been conducted to directly apply knowledge from earlier Arabidopsis research with cytokinins to increasing yield traits in Brassica napus L, oil seed rape. Cytokinins have been shown to be a significant component of the response of plants to environmental stressors, and their effects on increasing seed number and seed size make them a potential candidate for the second “Green Revolution”.

What is the physiological role of cytokinin in plants?

Cytokinins are plant growth hormones that promote cell division in roots and shoots. They are pure adenine derivatives and play a crucial role in meristematic tissue regions and preventing chlorophyll destruction in leaves. Cytokinins are produced in roots and travel up the xylem to leaves and fruits for cell differentiation and growth. Originally defined as chemicals that cause cell proliferation and callus differentiation to shoots when combined with auxins, they are now involved in various aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, root maintenance, callus differentiation, root elongation, lateral root number, nodule formation, and apical dominance. Cytokinins are essential signaling molecules for controlling plant growth and development throughout its life cycle.

What is the difference between auxin and cytokinin?

Auxin and cytokinin are crucial in root branching, with auxin stimulating branching and cytokinin inhibiting it. Plant hormones, including auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, and ethylene abscisic acid, are major. Cytokinins, which are involved in many plant processes, such as cell division and shoot and root morphogenesis, do not affect parenchyma cells. However, more cytokinin induces the growth of specific shoot buds, while more auxin induces root formation. Contrary to popular belief, cytokinins do not affect parenchyma cells, and more cytokinins induce the growth of specific shooting buds, contrary to popular belief.

Does cytokinin promote lateral growth?

Cytokinins are essential for plant growth and development, counteracting auxins in apical dominance and promoting lateral plant growth. They counteract auxins in apical dominance and result in the production of lateral shoots and roots. Without cytokinins, the cell cycle can come to a standstill, and all rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

What plant structure is affected by cytokinin?

Cytokinins are crucial plant hormones that regulate cell division, shoot meristem size, leaf primordia number, and leaf and shoot growth. They can also stimulate differentiation and outgrowth of axillary buds. Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B. V., its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. Open access content applies to the Creative Commons licensing terms.

What kind of plant growth regulation is cytokinin responsible for?

Cytokinins are essential for plant growth, enhancing their resistance to stressors like salinity and high temperatures. They regulate growth under drought conditions and delay the senescence of intact plants. They are also involved in the regulation of plant growth under drought conditions. Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B. V., its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

Does cytokinin help in fruit growth?

Cytokines, which are found in the apical root meristem, inflorescences, and fruits, play a pivotal role in a number of crucial biological processes, including cell division, lateral bud development, the delay of senescence, shoot formation, organogenesis, and parthenocarpy fruit production.

Does cytokinin inhibit root growth?

Cytokines regulate root morphology and development at the organ level, but their control over cell-level growth distribution in space and time remains unclear. Studies show that increased cytokinin levels inhibit root growth and reduce meristem size. However, the exact mechanism behind this control remains unclear. The use of cookies on this site is governed by copyright © 2024 Elsevier B. V., its licensors, and contributors.

What is the main function of cytokinin?

Cytokinins are plant growth regulators that play a crucial role in cell division in roots and shoot systems. They promote cell growth, development, differentiation, apical dominance, and delay leaf senescence. These hormones are found in complex plants, bacteria, mosses, and fungi, with around 200 synthetic and natural types. Most are developed in the meristem of roots, an area of tissue that actively promotes cell division. Cytokinins are formed in rapidly dividing tissues like root apices and growing shoots.