Methane (CH4) is a significant greenhouse gas, primarily produced through agricultural activities and leakages from oil and gas production. With the COP27 focus on ambitious emissions reductions, countries like India are examining how they measure their GHG emissions and how accurate they are. India is the world’s third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases, after China and the US. Greenhouse gas emissions include carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from all sources, including land-use change.
India was the third largest emitter of carbon dioxide by volume in 2020, although its per capita emissions were lower than the world average. Greenhouse gases are measured in “carbon dioxide-equivalents” (CO2e). India has pledged to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2070, making it an ambitious commitment made at the high-stakes COP26 summit. Biomass has been recognized as a carbon neutral fuel, and biomass co-firing is recognized by the UNFCCC as a measure of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
India’s GHG Program is an industry-led voluntary framework aiming to help Indian companies monitor progress towards measurement and management of GHG emissions. CO2 emissions from fuel combustion in India have roughly doubled since the turn of the century, with the country now emitting approximately four billion metric tons. Scientists adopt various methods to monitor greenhouse gases, such as ground-based monitoring stations.
In northern India and Bangladesh, agricultural activities play an important role in GHG concentrations in the atmosphere.
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