Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases in the atmosphere that raise the surface temperature of planets like Earth. They absorb the wavelengths of radiation emitted by a planet, resulting in the greenhouse effect. The Earth is warmed by sunlight, causing its surface to become warmer than it would be without them. Some gases, like carbon dioxide, are made by both natural and manmade processes, while others, like methane, are produced by natural processes.
Greenhouse gases vary in their sources, measures needed to control them, intensity of trapping solar heat, and duration of presence in the atmosphere. Methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, can absorb far more heat than carbon dioxide and is found in small quantities in the atmosphere. Although often considered pollution, not all greenhouse gases are harmful to the environment.
When fossil fuels are combusted, oxygen combines with carbon to form CO2 and with hydrogen to form water (H2O). These reactions release greenhouse gases, such as halocarbons, which are composed of carbon, chlorine, fluorine, and hydrogen. Halocarbons include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are man-made gases commonly used in various industries.
Methane is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic gas consisting of four hydrogen atoms and one carbon atom. It is combustible and is a non-toxic greenhouse gas.
In summary, greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases that absorb infrared radiation or heat from the Earth’s surface and prevent it from being released back into space. They play a crucial role in the greenhouse effect and contribute to the global warming caused by human activities.
📹 How Green Hydrogen Could End The Fossil Fuel Era | Vaitea Cowan | TED
As climate change accelerates, finding clean alternatives to fossil fuels is more urgent than ever. Social entrepreneur Vaitea …
What is the common greenhouse gas containing only oxygen and hydrogen?
Of the various greenhouse gases, water vapor is the only one composed solely of hydrogen and oxygen.
What are the two worst greenhouse gases?
The second most important greenhouse gas is methane (CH4), which is more potent than CO2 but exists in lower concentrations in the atmosphere. CH4 has a shorter residence time of around 10 years compared to CO2. Greenhouse gases are crucial in absorbing heat energy from Earth’s surface and reradiating it back to the ground, contributing to the greenhouse effect. Human activities, particularly fossil-fuel combustion since the Industrial Revolution, have led to steady increases in the concentration of greenhouse gases.
Water vapor is the most potent greenhouse gas in Earth’s atmosphere, and its concentration is set by air temperatures. The warmer the surface, the greater the evaporation rate of water from the surface. This leads to a greater concentration of water vapor in the lower atmosphere, which can absorb infrared radiation and emit it downward. Human activities, particularly fossil-fuel combustion, contribute to the steady increase in greenhouse gas concentrations.
What is the greenhouse gas made from oxygen?
Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, ozone, nitrous oxide, and CFC (chlorofluorocarbons), absorb and emit radiant energy within the thermal infrared range, causing the greenhouse effect. These gases typically have three or more atoms in their molecules. Nitrogen and oxygen are not greenhouse gases as they are transparent to infrared light and do not absorb infrared light.
Symmetrical molecules with two identical atoms, which cancel electric fields, are not considered greenhouse gases. These molecules cannot tightly hold electrons further compared to others, making them not considered greenhouse gases.
What greenhouse gas does hydrogen produce?
Hydrogen, the smallest molecule, can easily pass through materials, creating leakage issues and generating harmful nitrogen oxides. These pollutants are linked to smog, acid rain, and health impacts like asthma and respiratory infections. To address these issues, stricter environmental, health, and safety standards must be implemented in green hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use. Communities of color and low-income communities are disproportionately affected by climate change and air pollution, so local communities and affected workforces should be involved in the design and development of hydrogen projects.
The Inflation Reduction Act, a federal climate legislation, will make green hydrogen less expensive over the next decade, similar to conventional natural gas and fossil fuel-based hydrogen. Legislative proposals to advance hydrogen use are expected to be introduced during the 118th Congress.
Is CFC a greenhouse gas?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are industrial compounds containing carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. They have been around for the past 60 years and are extremely powerful greenhouse gases, responsible for the destruction of stratospheric ozone. They are used as coolants in refrigeration and air conditioners, propellants in spray cans, and solvents for industrial purposes. Although less abundant than carbon dioxide, CFCs are 10, 000 times more powerful and can remain in the atmosphere for over 45 to 100 years.
They are regulated under the 1987 Montreal Protocol and are not addressed in the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. Chlorofluorocarbons have different concentrations and growth rates in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and Southern Hemisphere (SH), with higher concentrations in the NH due to human activities before the Montreal Protocol and a decrease in growth rate since the late 1980s.
Is so2 a greenhouse gas or not?
Sulfur dioxides, along with nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, and non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs), are indirect greenhouse gases that affect atmospheric warming through chemical reactions or altering Earth’s ability to balance radiative energy. HealthPro Series offers medical-grade air filtration, Atem Series offers smart, HyperHEPA air purifiers, and GC MultiGas 1 for multiple chemical sensitivities.
Which two gases are greenhouse gases?
Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in the atmosphere and are emitted through various sources. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a primary greenhouse gas, entering the atmosphere through burning fossil fuels, solid waste, trees, and chemical reactions. It is removed from the atmosphere when absorbed by plants as part of the biological carbon cycle. Methane (CH4) is emitted during coal, natural gas, and oil production, as well as from livestock, agricultural practices, land use, and organic waste decay.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is emitted during agricultural, land use, and industrial activities, combustion of fossil fuels and solid waste, and wastewater treatment. Fluorinated gases, such as hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, and nitrogen trifluoride, are synthetic, powerful greenhouse gases emitted from various household, commercial, and industrial applications. They are sometimes used as substitutes for stratospheric ozone-depleting substances.
Fluorinated gases are typically emitted in smaller quantities than other greenhouse gases but are potent greenhouse gases with high global warming potentials (GWPs) due to their ability to trap substantially more heat than CO2.
What type of gas is in a greenhouse?
Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases, are molecules in our atmosphere that absorb heat. These gases release heat energy, which is often absorbed by another greenhouse gas molecule. They effectively absorb thermal infrared radiation from the Earth’s surface, atmosphere, and clouds, trapping heat within the surface-troposphere system, known as the greenhouse effect. Atmospheric radiation is emitted to all sides, including downward to the Earth’s surface.
What is greenhouse gas made of?
The greenhouse effect is a process where heat is trapped near Earth’s surface by greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor. These gases help maintain a warmer temperature than it would otherwise have. Carbon dioxide is crucial for maintaining Earth’s atmosphere stability, as it would collapse the terrestrial greenhouse effect and drop Earth’s surface temperature by approximately 33°C (59°F).
Earth is often called the ‘Goldilocks’ planet due to its natural greenhouse effect, which maintains an average temperature of 15°C (59°F). However, human activities, primarily from burning fossil fuels, have disrupted Earth’s energy balance, leading to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and ocean. The level of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere has been rising consistently for decades, trapping extra heat near the planet’s surface and causing temperatures to rise.
Is oxygen a greenhouse gas?
Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, ozone, nitrous oxide, and CFC (chlorofluorocarbons), absorb and emit radiant energy within the thermal infrared range, causing the greenhouse effect. These gases typically have three or more atoms in their molecules. Nitrogen and oxygen are not greenhouse gases as they are transparent to infrared light and do not absorb infrared light.
Symmetrical molecules with two identical atoms, which cancel electric fields, are not considered greenhouse gases. These molecules cannot tightly hold electrons further compared to others, making them not considered greenhouse gases.
📹 Green hydrogen production
South Australia is committed to building a world-first hydrogen power plant near Whyalla in the Upper Spencer Gulf by 2025 …
Green hydrogen production, hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe (H2) it is found in the sun, stars, in water molecules, plants and animals here on earth. It tends to stick as well, in South Australia we have abundant sun & wind that we turn into green energy. They produce more green energy than we consume, we can utilize the excess green energy to produce Green Hydrogen. Weee..
hello… first I want to tell you my english very bad so I’m sorry if there’s a mistake. As we know ‘green’ came from the renewable electricity. Is it worth dealing with it I mean you make electricity (ammonia burn) from another process that need electricity (electrolysis, air separator, haber-bosch) obtain from renewable (it is about needed and produced).
Looks great in a 2 min animation ad for SA energy & mining, but there are many obstacles & issues associated with hydrogen production, storage & transport not mentioned here. Hydrogen is great in that it does not pollute when burnt, but it takes a lot of energy to produce, embrittles metals & if there was an accident involving hydrogen it would make a very big bang. Hydrogen has a place in certain industries, but for transport it has far too many energy losses & potential for disasters, stick to deisel for transport for now at least.
We all need better ways to store excess electricity that is generated from solar and wind. And hydrogen does have promise. But this youtube article skips over the real issues on the subject IMHO. Hydrogen production, storage and distribution is fraught with a multiple of so far unsolved issues. For brevity, let me examine just its use as a fuel in a car. The storage tank required in a car needs an extreme form of engineering. Consider the gas bottle on your BBQ. The “LNG” gas in this cylinder is a liquid at a few bars of pressure (1 bar is equivalent to 1 atmosphere). Hydrogen is virtually impossible to liquify at normal temperatures. The most promising prototype hydrogen fuel cars use 3 separate tanks containing hydrogen gas at crazy 720 atmospheres pressure. (The recent deepsea diving sub trying to submerge to the Titanic wreck tragically imploded at about 200 or a bit more atmospheres). Just image one of these hydrogen-powered cars on the highway which has a head-on collision with a truck. Awful for such things to happen but such collisions are not rare. At 720 atmospheres, the explosion will be gigantic. I will not choose to live anywhere near a hydrogen refuelling plants. Not even hundreds of metres away. Yes there are buses and cars and truck that run on hydrogen. None though are ready for general release. They are prototypes, some of which have been tried on and off for years. —That’s just one problem. There are more. I am hopeful for eventual solutions, rather than more feel-good articles.
Hydrogen produced by electrolysis needs to be compressed to higher than 5000 psi (> 350 bar ). Otherwise the fuel tank in automobiles will take too much space and not provide more mileage/ refill than a EV. Ships on the other hand can use liquid hydrogen but it takes a lot of energy to cool hydrogen gas to -253 Degc to produce cryogenic liquid hydrogen. If Wind, Solar and Nuclear power become very cost effective in the future these additional storage costs can be absorbed but right now this tech is still not competitive. This article is silent about compression and storage issues.
Using the excess energy to replace the Hydrogen used in fertilizer production is a very positive plan. Using Hydrogen for transportation makes no sense the very low power to volume and losses during compression and transportation make it a waste of energy when a battery can be charged directly with almost zero cost to transport.
Very funny, hydrogen uses very expensive electricity, to generate hydrogen, there is an energy loss in the process, when the hydrogen is burned in a power station, there is an energy loss, so this process is very expensive way of producing less energy than you started with. then there is the little stated fact that hydrogen needs to be stored in a compressed or liquid state to be able to get anywhere close to the energy density of petroleum which is hydrogen and carbon mixed together. or coal. again very high energy density, this means easy to store. Hydrogen on the other hand is not easy to store, hydrogen being the smallest element actually leaks out of its containers through the material, this causes hydrogen embrittlement, those ultra high pressure storage tanks, tend to explode, hydrogen goes boom really well. Lets stop playing with seabreezes and sunbeams. The Sun controls the earths climate, its is the only source of energy that produces enough energy to heat the earth. Turn off the sun and it will get to absolute zero very quickly. We rely on the sun for Everything. The sun is a thermonuclear fission reaction. DO YOU GET IT? We survive by relying on NUCLEAR energy. Nuclear energy is Cheaper and safer than Green hydrogen. THORIUM MOLTEN SALT REACTORS are easy to work with, easy and economic to build and transport, no nuclear waste from each fuel cycle and TMSR’s can consume other Nuclear waste. they produce vast amounts of cheap power, unsightly wind farms will not be needed, our birds don’t have to die by blade strike.